Ankle Sprain
Results of this double-blind, placebo-controlled study indicated that treatment with two 30-minute sessions of noninvasive pulsed radio frequency therapy is effective in significantly decreasing the time required for edema reduction in patients suffering from lateral ankle sprains.

A.A. Pilla & L. Kloth, &quote;Effect of Pulsed Radio Frequency Therapy on Edema in Ankle Sprains: A Multisite Double-Blind Clinical Study,&quote; Second World Congress for Electricity and Magnetism in Biology and Medicine,
8-13 June 1997, Bologna, Italy, p. 300.

Arthritis
Three hours of exposure to a 50-Hz magnetic field in this study revealed that experimentally induced inflammation and suppressed arthritis in rats was significantly inhibited as a result.

Y. Mizushima, et al., &quote;Effects of Magnetic Field on Inflammation,&quote; Experientia, 31(12),
December 15, 1975, p.1411-1412.

Another double-blind, placebo-controlled research study on the effects of pulsed electrical fields administered over a 4 week period revealed significant improvement in patients receiving the therapy relative to the controls.

J.C. Reynolds, &quote;The Use of Implantable Direct Current Stimulation in Bone Grafted Foot and Ankle Arthrodeses: A Retrospective Review,&quote; Second World Congress for Electricity and Magnetism in Biology and Medicine,
8-13 June 1997, Bologna , Italy .

In this general review article on the treatment of patients with psoriatic arthritis with magnetic fields, the authors state that an alternating low-frequency magnetic field (30-40 mT) from such generators as &quote;Polius-1&quote; and &quote;Polius-101&quote; improves the clinical state of afflicted joints. Such treatments are normally carried out for 30 minutes per day over a period of 15 to 20 days.

V.D. Grigor'eva, et al., &quote;Therapeutic Use of Physical Factors in Complex Therapy of Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis,&quote; Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult, (6),
1995, p. 48-51

This research studied the effects of magnetolaser therapy alone or combined with conventional drugs in rheumatoid arthritis patients. This treatment utilized a AMLT-01 device for magnetolaser therapy and consisted of 14 days with 6 minute exposures daily. An obvious improvement was seen after 3 days of treatment, with greater improvement by patients suffering from mild to moderate levels of the disease. End results computed into a 90 percent patient improvement rate.

9B.Y. Drozdovski, et al., &quote;Use of Magnetolaser Therapy with an AMLT-01 Apparatus in Complex Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis,&quote; Fiz Med, 4(1-2),
1994, p. 101-102

This study on 7 to 14 year old juveniles suffering from rheumatoid arthritis examined effects of low-frequency magnetic fields from a Polius-1 device. Ten daily treatment exposures of 10 to 12 minutes each were conducted on three experimental groups. The three groups showed 58, 76, 37 percent beneficial effects from the treatment.

E.A. Shlyapok, et al., &quote;Use of Alternating Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields in Combination with Radon Baths for Treatment of Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis,&quote; Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult, 4,
1992, p. 13-17.

Low frequency and constant magnetic fields in patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthrosis was the focus of this study. Patients with stages 1 & 2 rheumatoid arthritis as well as patients with osteoarthrosis deformans, showed the beneficial effects from treatments. These low frequency, constant magnetic fields were found especially beneficial to the knees, ankles and wrists.

V.D. Grigor'eva, et al., &quote;Therapeutic Application of Low-Frequency and Constant Magnetic Fields in Patients with Osteoarthritis Deformans and Rheumatoid Arthritis,&quote; Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult, 4, 1980, p. 29-35.

Blepharitis (infection of the eyelid)
Study results indicated that using a magnetic ointment containing reduced iron powder, with an alternating magnetic field had beneficial effects with patients suffering from chronic blepharitis.

V.A. Machekhin, et al., &quote;A New Method for Treating Chronic Blepharitis Using Magnetic Compounds and an Alternating Magnetic Field,&quote; Vestn Oftalmol, 109(4),
July-September 1993, p. 16-18.

Bone Fractures
A group of 83 adults with ununited fractures were examined for the effects of bone grafting and pulsed electromagnetic fields for this study. Results showed a successful healing rate of 87 percent in the original 38 patients treated with bone grafts and PEMF for ununited fractures with wide gaps, malalignment, and synovial pseudarthrosis. Of the 45 patients that were not successfully treated with PEMF and had bone grafting, when re-treated with pulsing electromagnetic fields, achieved a 93 percent success rate.

C.A. Bassett, et al., &quote;Treatment of Therapeutically Resistant Non-unions with Bone Grafts and Pulsing Electromagnetic Fields,&quote; Journal of Bone Joint Surg, 64(8),
October 1982, p. 1214-1220.

Examining the effects of pulsing electromagnetic fields on 125 patients suffering from ununited fractures of the tibial diaphysis, showed a healing success rate of 87%.

C.A. Bassett, et al., &quote;Treatment of Ununited Tibial Diaphyseal Fractures with Pulsing Electromagnetic Fields,&quote; Journal of Bone Joint Surg, 63(4),
April 1981, p. 511-523.

Results of this study showed treatment with pulsed electromagnetic fields resulted in an overall success rate of at least 75 percent in patients suffering from tibial lesions.

M.W. Meskens, et al., &quote;Treatment of Delayed Union and Nonunion of the Tibia Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields. A Retrospective Follow-up,&quote; Bull Hosp Jt Dis Orthop Inst, 48(2),
Fall 1988, p. 170-175.

This review article makes the following observations with respect to the use of pulsed electromagnetic fields in treating ununited fractures, failed arthrodeses, and congenital pseudarthroses. The treatment has been shown to be more than 90 percent effective in adult patients. In cases where union does not occur with PEMFs alone after approximately four months, PEMF treatment coupled with fresh bone grafts ensures a maximum failure rate of only 1 to 1.5 percent. For those with delayed union three to four months following fracture, PEMFs appear to be more successful than in patients treated with other conservative methods. For more serious conditions, including infected nonunions, multiple surgical failures, long-standing atrophic lesions, failed knee arthrodeses after removal of infected prostheses, and congenital pseudarthroses, PEMF treatment has exhibited success in most patients.17

C.A. Bassett, &quote;The Development and Application of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (PEMFs) for Ununited Fractures and Arthrodeses,&quote; Clin Plast Surg, 12(2),
April 1985, p. 259-277.

Results of this study found that 35 of 44 nonunited scaphoid fractures 6 months or older healed in a mean time of 4.3 months during pulsed electromagnetic field treatment using external coils and a thumb spica cast.

G.K. Frykman, et al., &quote;Treatment of Nonunited Scaphoid Fractures Pulsed Electromagnetic Field and Cast,&quote; Journal of Hand Surg, 11(3),
May 1986, p. 344-349.

This double-blind, placebo-controlled study examined the effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields in femoral neck fracture patients undergoing conventional therapy. PEMF treatment was started within two weeks of fracture, and patients were instructed to make use of the electromagnetic device for 8 hours per day over a 90-day period. Results showed beneficial effects relative to controls after 18 months of follow-up.

E. Betti, et al., &quote;Effect of Electromagnetic Field Stimulation on Fractures of the Femoral Neck. A Prospective Randomized Double-Blind Study,&quote; Second World Congress for Electricity and Magnetism in Biology and Medicine, 8-13 June 1997, Bologna , Italy .

Results of this double-blind study showed significant healing effects of low-frequency pulsing electromagnetic fields in patients treated with femoral intertrochanteric osteotomy for hip degenerative arthritis.

G. Borsalino, et al., &quote;Electrical Stimulation of Human Femoral Intertrochanteric Osteotomies. Double-Blind Study,&quote; Clin Orthop, (237), December 1988, . 256-263.

In this study, 147 patients with fractures of the tibia, femur, and humerus who had failed to benefit from surgery-received treatment with external skeletal fixation in situ and pulsed electromagnetic fields. Results indicated an overall success rate of 73 percent. Femur union was seen in 81 percent and tibia union in 75 percent.

M. Marcer, et al., &quote;Results of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (PEMFs) in Ununited Fractures after External Skeletal Fixation,&quote; Clin Orthop, (190),
November 1984, . 260-265

This study examined the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (1-1000 Hz, 4 gauss) on new bone fractures of female patients. Results led the authors to suggest that EMF treatment accelerates the early stages of fracture healing.

O. Wahlstrom, &quote;Stimulation of Fracture Healing with Electromagnetic Fields of Extremely Low Frequency (EMF of ELF),&quote; Clin Orthop, (186), June 1984, . 293-301.

This study examined the preventive effects of low-frequency pulsing electromagnetic fields against delayed union in rat fibular osteotomies and diaphyseal tibia fractures in humans. Results indicated such treatment modulated and accelerated fracture union in both groups.

A.W. Dunn & G.A. Rush, 3d, &quote;Electrical Stimulation in Treatment of Delayed Union and Nonunion of Fractures and Osteotomies,&quote; Southern Medical Journal,
77(12),December 1984, . 1530-1534.

This article discusses the cases of two children with bone malunion following lengthening of congenitally shortened lower legs. Pulsed sinusoidal magnetic field treatment was beneficial for both patients.

F. Rajewski & W. Marciniak, &quote;Use of Magnetotherapy for Treatment of Bone Malunion in Limb Lengthening. Preliminary Report,&quote; Chir Narzadow Ruchu Ortop Pol, 57(1-3),
1992,. 247-249.

Results of this study showed that 13 of 15 cases of long bone nonunion treated with pulsed electromagnetic fields in combination with Denham external fixator united within several months.

R.B. Simonis, et al., &quote;The Treatment of Non-union Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields Combined with a Denham External Fixator,&quote; Injury, 15(4),
January 1984, . 255-260.

Results of this study found electromagnetic field stimulation to be an effective treatment for nonunion among a group of 37 French

L. Sedel, et al., &quote;Acceleration of Repair of Non-unions electromagnetic Fields,&quote; Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot,
67(1), 1981, . 11-23.

Results of this study found treatment induced pulsing to be beneficial in patients suffering from nonunions unresponsive to surgery.>

J.C. Mulier & F. Spaas, &quote;Out-patient Treatment of Surgically Resistant Non-unions Induced Pulsing Current - Clinical Results,&quote; Arch Orthop Trauma Surg, 97(4),
1980,.293-297.

In this interview with Dr. C. Andrew L. Bassett, a physician researching the use of pulsed electromagnetic fields for the past 30 years at Columbia University 's Orthopedic Research Lab, Dr. Bassett notes that approximately 10,000 of the 12,000-plus orthopedic surgeons in the U.S. have used pulsed electromagnetic fields on at least one patient. Many such surgeons have incorporated the therapy on a more regular basis. He estimates that a total of at least 65,000 patients nationwide have received the treatment, with a probable success rate of between 80 and 90 percent. Use of the treatment has been primarily in patients suffering from nonunited fractures, fusion failures, and pseudoarthrosis.

C.A. Bassett, &quote;Conversations with C. Andrew L. Bassett, M.D. Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields. A Noninvasive Therapeutic Modality for Fracture Nonunion (Interview),&quote; Orthop. Review,
15(12)1986 781-795.

Results of this study showed pulsed electromagnetic fields to have beneficial healing effects in patients suffering from difficult to treat and surgically resistant bone nonunions.

35#

This review article notes that the use of pulsed electromagnetic fields began in 1974, and that 250,000 nonunion patients have received the treatment since. The author argues that success rates are comparable to those of bone grafting, and that PEMF treatment is more cost-effective and free of side effects. The FDA approved PEMF use in 1982, although it remains widely unused due to physician misunderstanding and lack of knowledge concerning the treatment.

A. Bassett, &quote;Therapeutic Uses of Electric and Magnetic Fields in Orthopedics,& quot; in D.O. Carpenter & S. Ayrapetyan, (eds.), Biological Effects of Electric and Magnetic Fields. Volume II: beneficial and Harmful Effects, San Diego : Academic Press, 1994, . 13-48.

This 7-year study examined data on more than 11,000 cases of nonunions treated with pulsed electromagnetic fields for up to 10 to 12 hours per day. Results indicated an overall success rate of 75 percent.

A.A. Goldberg, &quote;Computer Analysis of Data on More than 11,000 Cases of Ununited Fracture Submitted for Treatment with Pulsing Electromagnetic Fields,&quote; Bioelectrical Repair and Growth Society, Second Annual Meeting,
20-22 September 1982, Oxford, UK, . 61.

This study examined the effects of low-frequency electromagnetic fields (1-1000 Hz) on middle-aged female patients suffering from fresh radius fractures. Results showed significant increases in scintimetric activity surrounding the fracture area after two weeks of EMF treatment relative to controls.

O. Wahlstrom, &quote;Electromagnetic Fields Used in the Treatment of Fresh Fractures of the Radius,&quote; Bioelectrical Repair and Growth Society, Second Annual Meeting,
20-22 September 1982, Oxford , UK , . 26.

This study examined the effects of constant magnetic fields in patients suffering from fractures. Results showed that magnetic exposure reduced pain and the onset of edema shortly after trauma. Where edema was already present, the treatment exhibited marked anti-inflammatory effects. The strongest beneficial effects occurred in patients suffering from fractures of the ankle joints.

G.B. Gromak & G.A. Lacis, &quote;Evaluations of the Efficacy of Using a Constant Magnetic Field in Treatment of Patients with Traumas,&quote; in I. Detlav, (ed.), Electromagnetic Therapy of Injuries and Diseases of the Support-Motor Apparatus. International Collection of Papers, Riga , Latvia : Riga Medical Institute,
1987, . 88-95.<

Results of this study found that 10 hours per day of electromagnetic stimulation (1.0-1.5 mV) produced complete union in 23 of 26 patients receiving the treatment for nonjoined fractures.

A.F. Lynch & P. MacAuley, &quote;Treatment of Bone Non-Union Electromagnetic Therapy,&quote; Ir Journal of Med Sci, 154(4), 1985, . 153-155.

This review article looks at the history of pulsed electromagnetic fields as a means of bone repair. The author argues that success rates have been either superior or equivalent to those of surgery, with PEMF free of side effects and risk.

C.A.L. Bassett, &quote;Historical Overview of PEM-Assisted Bone and Tissue Healing, &quote; Bioelectromagnetics Society, 10th Annual Meeting,
19-24 June 1988, Stamford , CT , . 19.

Bronchitis
Results of this double-blind, placebo-controlled study indicated that both low-frequency electromagnetic field treatment and treatment with pulsed electromagnetic fields proved effective in patients suffering from chronic bronchitis when coupled with standard drug therapies. Magnetic field treatment consisted of a total of 15 15-20-minute daily exposures.

V.M. Iurlov, et al., &quote;The Efficacy of the Use of Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields in Chronic Bronchitis,&quote; Voen Med Zh, 3,
1989, . 35-36.

Cancer
Results of this study found that prolonged exposure to a 7-tesla uniform static magnetic field for a period of 64 hours inhibited growth of three human tumor cell lines in vitro.

R.R. Raylman, et al., &quote;Exposure to Strong Static Magnetic Field Slows the Growth of Human Cancer Cells in Vitro,&quote; Bioelectromagnetics, 17(5),
1996, . 358-363.

This study examined the effects of a rotational magnetic field on a group of 51 breast cancer patients. Results showed a significant positive response in 27 of them.

N.G. Bakhmutskii, et al., &quote;The Assessment of the Efficacy of the Effect of a Rotational Magnetic Field on the Course of the Tumor Process in Patients with Generalized Breast Cancer,&quote; Sov Med, (7), 1991, . 25-27.

Results of this study indicated that exposure to a rotational magnetic field inhibited Walker 's carcinoma tumor growth as much as 90 percent in some cases.

N.G. Bakhmutskii, et al., &quote;The Growth Dynamics of Walker Carcinosarcoma During Exposure to a Magnetic Eddy Field,&quote; Vopr Onkol,
37(6), 1991, . 705-708.

Results of this study indicated that pulsed magnetic field stimulation increased the incorporation of antitumor agents into cells, and thus increased antitumor activity shifting the cell cycle to a proliferative from a nonproliferative phase.

Y. Omote, &quote;An Experimental Attempt to Potentiate Therapeutic Effects of Combined Use of Pulsing Magnetic Fields and Antitumor Agents,&quote; Nippon Geka Gakkai Zasshi, 89(8), August 1988, .. 1155-1166.

Results of this study found that 20-30 sessions of magnetotherapy administered preoperatively exhibited antitumor effects in patients suffering from lung cancer.

L.S. Ogorodnikova, et al., &quote;Morphological Criteria of Lung Cancer Regression Under the Effect of Magnetotherapy,&quote; Vopr Onkol, 26(1),
1980, . 28-34.

This study examined the effects of microwave resonance therapy (MRT) in patients suffering from various forms of cancer. Results showed that MRT treatment prior to surgery reduced the spread of cancer-associated conditions and reduced the risk associated with surgery in 87 percent of patients. MRT applied postoperatively had beneficial effects in 68 percent.

D.V. Miasoedov, et al., &quote;Experience with the Use of Microwave Resonance Therapy as a Modifying Factor in Oncological Therapy,&quote; Abstracts of the First All-Union Symposium with International Participation, May 10-13, 1989, Kiev , Ukraine , .. 313-315.

Results of this study proved that the combination of weak pulsed electromagnetic fields with antioxidant supplementation is beneficial in the treatment of patients suffering from tongue cancer, improving speech, pain control, and tolerance to chemotherapy.

U. Randoll & R.M. Pangan, &quote;The Role of Complex Biophysical-Chemical Therapies for Cancer,&quote;
Bioelectrochem Bioenerg, 27(3), 1992, . 341-346.

Results of this controlled study indicated that treatment with a constant magnetic field significantly improved long-term (3-year) survival time in patients undergoing radiation therapy for cancer of the throat. Constant magnetic field therapy consisted of the application of 300 mT for 30 minutes to tumor and metastasizing regions immediately prior to each irradiation.

V.G. Andreev, et al., &quote;Radiomodifying Effect of a Constant Magnetic Field in Radiation Therapy of Patients with Cancer of the Throat,&quote; Fizicheskaia Meditzina, 4(1-2), 1994,. 92.

Results of this Russian study indicated that the use of whole body eddy magnetic fields, coupled with more conventional cancer therapies (including magnetotherapy) is effective in the treatment of patients suffering from a variety of different malignancies.

V. Smirnova, &quote;Anti-Tumorigenic Action of an Eddy Magnetic Field,&quote;
Vrach, 2, 1994, . 25-26

This article reports on the case of a 48-year-old-woman with breast cancer who was treated successfully with magnetotherapy. Infiltration showed a marked decrease following 30 whole body exposures to an eddy magnetic field for 60 minutes. One metastatic node disappeared while the size of others was reduced following 60 such exposures. A total regression of tumor and metastases was seen following the completion of a course of 110 exposures.

N.G. Bakhmutskii, et al., &quote;A Case of Successful Treatment of a Patient with Breast Cancer Using a Rotating Electromagnetic Field,&quote; Soviet Medicine, 8, 1991, . 86-87.

This study examined the effects of whole body magnetic fields (16.5-35 G, 50-165 Hz) on patients suffering from different forms of cancer. Treatment consisted of 15 cycles, each 1-20 minutes in duration, and was coupled with more traditional cancer therapies. Results showed that the magnetotherapy had overall beneficial effects, particularly with respect to improved immune status and postoperative recovery.

V.A. Lubennikov, et al., &quote;First Experience in Using a Whole-Body Magnetic Field Exposure in Treating Cancer Patients,&quote;
Vopr Onkol, 41(2), 1995, . 140-141.

Heart Disease
Results of this study found that the addition of magnetotherapy to the treatment of patients suffering from ischemic heart disease and osteochondrosis led to clinical improvements.

I. Rodin, et al., &quote;Use of Low-Intensity Eddy Magnetic Field in the Treatment of Patients with Skin Lymphomas,&quote; Voen Med Zh, 317(12), 1996, . 32-34.

Results of this study involving 23 parasystolic children found that low-frequency magnetic field exposure improved humoral and cellular processes involved in the regulation of cardiac rhythm.

M.A. Dudchenko, et al., &quote;The Effect of Combined Treatment with the Use of Magnetotherapy on the Systemic Hemodynamics of Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease and Spinal Osteochondrosis,&quote;
Lik Sprava, (5), May 1992, . 40-43.

The authors of this study report on their development of a polymagnetic system called Avrora-MK-01 used to administer impulse magnetic fields to diseases of the leg vessels. Results indicated positive effects on peripheral capillaries in 75-82 percent of patients receiving the treatment at a pre-gangrene stage.

E.M. Vasil'eva, et al., &quote;The Effect of a Low-frequency Magnetic Field on Erythrocyte Membrane Function and on the Prostanoid Level in the Blood Plasma of Children with Parasystolic Arrhythmia,&quote; Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult, (2),
March-April 1994, . 18-20.

Results of this study showed exposure to low-frequency alternating magnetic fields had beneficial effects in children with primary arterial hypertension, as seen in the attenuation of sympathetic and vagotonic symptoms.

Y.B. Kirillov, et al., &quote;Magnetotherapy in Obliterating Vascular Diseases of the Lower Extremities,&quote; Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult, (3), May-June 1992, . 14-17.

This study demonstrated that traveling pulsed magnetic field and magnetic laser treatment produced beneficial effects in patients suffering from the initial stages of essential hypertension.

V.S. Zadionchenko, et al., &quote;Prognostic Criteria of the Efficacy of Magnetic and Magnetic-laser Therapy in Patients with the Initial Stages of Hypertension,&quote; Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult, (1),
January-February 1997, . 8-11.

In this article, the authors propose a new approach to treating atherosclerosis through the alteration of biophysical properties both intracellularly and extracellularly. Citing their own preliminary data, they suggest atherosclerotic lesions might be selectively resolved without harming normal blood vessels allowing the lesions to take up the magnetically excitable submicron particles and then applying an external alternating electromagnetic field.

R.T. Gordon & D. Gordon, &quote;Selective Resolution of Plaques and Treatment of Atherosclerosis Biophysical Alteration of &quote;Cellular&quote; and &quote;Intracellular&quote; Properties,&quote; Medical Hypotheses, 7(2),
February 1981, . 217-229.

This study examined the effects of constant MKM2-1 magnets on essential hypertension patients. Results indicated the treatment decreased arterial pressure in stage II patients, with magnetotherapy being shown to produce beneficial effects on the central hemodynamics and microcirculation.

S.G. Ivanov, et al., &quote;The Magnetotherapy of Hypertension Patients,&quote; Ter Arkh, 62(9),
1990, . 71-74.

Results from several recent studies conducted the author are reviewed. Conclusions are that pulsed electromagnetic fields exhibit protective effects against necrosis from acute ischemia in rats, cerebral infarcts in rabbits, and myocardium infarcts in rats.

R. Cadossi, &quote;Protective Effect of Electromagnetic Field Exposure on Acute Soft Tissue Ischaemic Injury,&quote; Second World Congress for Electricity and Magnetism in Biology and Medicine,
8-13 June 1997, Bologna , Italy .

This study examined the effects of extremely high frequency electromagnetic radiation (EHF EMR) in 93 patients suffering ischemic heart disease. EHF treatment consisted of 10 to 15 exposures of the lower end of the sternum from a 'Yav'-1-7,1 device. Treatment was performed five times weekly for a total of 30 minutes per day, with drug therapy being maintained during this period. Positive results tended to occur after 5 to 6 treatment sessions, with a good or satisfactory response being reported in 82 of 93 patients, and lasting as long as 11 months after hospital release.

I.E. Ganelina, et al., &quote;Electromagnetic Radiation of Extremely High Frequencies in Complex Therapy for Severe Stenocardia,&quote; Millimetrovie Volni v Biologii I Meditcine, (4), 1994, . 17-21.

This review article concerning the clinical application of electromagnetic fields notes that microwave therapy has been shown to improve local circulation and vascular tone, increase the volume of functional capillaries, lower hypertension, stimulate protein and carbohydrate metabolism, stimulate the pituitary-adrenal system, produce anti-inflammatory effects, and improve digestive organ function. Studies have shown decimeter wave therapy capable of stimulating the secretory function of the stomach, as well as blood circulation, respiratory function, and the immune system. Side effects have been reported in both human and animal studies.

V.V. Orzeshkovskii, et al., &quote;Clinical Application of Electromagnetic Fields,&quote; in I.G. Akoevs & V.V. Tiazhelov, (eds.), Topics of Experimental and Applied Bioelectromagnetics. A Collection of Research Papers, Puschcino, USSR, USSR Academy of Sciences, Biological Sciences Research Center,
1983, . 139-147.

In this study, 30 myocardial infarction patients received millimeter-wave (MW) therapy in the form of 10 exposures of 30 minutes per day, with a 2-day interruption after the fifth exposure. Patients continued conventional drug treatment during the MW therapy period. Better results were seen in those patients exposed to the MW therapy relative to an equal number of patients receiving conventional treatment only.

N.N. Naumcheva, &quote;Effect of Millimeter Waves on Ischemic Heart Disease Patients,&quote; Millimetrovie Volni v Biologii I Meditcine, (3), 1994, . 62-67.

This study examined the effects of millimeter wave therapy in approximately 450 patients suffering from a variety of diseases, including those of the musculoskeletal, digestive, pulmonary, and nervous systems. Treatment consisted of 25-30 minutes per day using the &quote;Porog-1&quote; apparatus and generally lasted for a period of up to 10 days. Results showed positive effects in over 87 percent of the patients.

A.P. Dovganiuk & A.A. Minenkov, &quote;The Use of Physical Factors in Treating Chronic Arterial Insufficiency of the Lower Limbs,&quote; Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult, (5),
1996, . 7-9.

Results of this study found that the use of magnetophore therapy (constant magnets applied to adrenal regions 10 hours per day for 15 days) significantly improved symptoms associated with hypertension in about 35 percent of patients studied, with mild improvement seen in 30 percent, and no improvement in 35 percent. Patients receiving decimeter-band waves (460 MHz, field intensity of 35-45 W, for 10-15 minutes per day for a total of 15 days) experienced similar results.

V.V. Orzheshovski, et al., &quote;Efficacy of Decimeter-Band Waves and Magnetophore Therapy in Patients with Hypertension,&quote; Vrach Delo, (1), 1982, . 65-67.

Results of this placebo-controlled study demonstrated a 76-percent effectiveness rate for running impulse magnetic field therapy in a group of arterial hypertensive patients. Treatment consisted of two 25-minute exposures per day over a period of 10-20 total exposures, at frequencies of 10 or 100 Hz and magnetic field intensity of 3 or 10 mT.

L.L.Orlov, et al., &quote; Indications for Using a New Magnetotherapeutic Method in Arterial Hypertension,&quote; Soviet Medicine, (8), 1991, . 23-24.

This study examined the efficacy of the reinfusion of autologous blood following magnetic field exposure in hypertensive patients. Positive effects were found in 92 percent of patients receiving the treatment.

I.G. Alizade, et al., &quote;Magnetic Treatment of Autologous Blood in the Combined Therapy of Hypertensive Patients,&quote; Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult, (1),
1994, . 32-33

This double-blind, placebo-controlled study examined the effects of magnetotherapy in patients suffering from first-or second-stage hypertension. A magnetic field of 50 Hz, 15-25 mT was applied to acupuncture points He-Gu and Shen'-Men for 15-20 seconds per day for a total of 9-10 days. Results: The treatment improved headaches in 88 percent of patients, dizziness in 89 percent, and irritability in 88 percent. In general, 95 percent of hypertensive patients experienced beneficial effects from the treatment, and the morbidity rate decreased twofold following one course extended over a period of 5-6 months.

E.V. Rolovlev, &quote;Treatment of Essential Hypertension Patients an Alternating Magnetic Field Puncture,&quote; All-Union Symposium: Laser and Magnetic Therapy in Experimental and Clinical Studies,
June 16-18, 1993, Obninsk, Kaluga Region , Russia , . 221-223.

This placebo-controlled study examined the effects of constant and of running magnetic fields in patients suffering from stage II hypertension. Results found that constant magnetic fields exhibited benefits in 68 percent of patients treated, and running magnetic fields were helpful in 78 percent. Only 30 percent of controls showed improvement. Constant magnetic field treatment consisted of constant magnets applied to the inner side of the wrist on each hand for 35-40 minutes daily over a period of 7-10 days. Running magnetic field treatment involved the use of a &quote;Alimp-1&quote; apparatus for 20 minutes per day for a total of 12-15 days.

S.G. Ivanov, et al., &quote;Use of Magnetic Fields in the Treatment of Hypertensive Disease, &quote; Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult, (3),
1993, . 67-69.

This double-blind, placebo-controlled study found that magnetotherapy was effective in the treatment of symptoms associated with stage II hypertension, such as headache, dizziness, and cardiodynia. The therapy consisted of permanent circular magnets (16 mT) applied to the inner forearm for 30-45 minutes per day over a period of 10 sessions.

S.G. Ivanov, &quote;The Comparative Efficacy of Nondrug and Drug Methods of Treating Hypertension, &quote; Ter Arkh, 65(1),
1993, . 44-49.

This controlled study examined the effects of magnetotherapy in patients suffering from neurocirculatory hypotension (low blood pressure) or hypertension (high blood pressure). Treatment consisted of a running pulsed magnetic field generated an &quote;ALIMP&quote; device (0.5 mT, 300 Hz) administered for 20 minutes per day over a course of 10 days. Patients suffering from hypotension did not benefit significantly from the magnetotherapy. Hypertension patients, however, showed a marked improvement with respect to symptoms including headache, chest pain, extremity numbness, abnormal systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and work capacity.

L.L. Orlov, et al., &quote;Effect of a Running Pulse Magnetic Field on Some Humoral Indices and Physical Capacity in Patients with Neurocirculatory Hypo- and Hypertension,&quote; Biofizika, 41(4),
1996, . 944-948.

This double-blind, placebo-controlled study found that low-frequency, low-intensity electrostatic fields (40-62 Hz) administered for 12-14 minutes per day helped normalize blood pressure in patients suffering from ertension.

T.A. Kniazeva, &quote;The Efficacy of Low-Intensity Exposures in Hypertension,&quote; Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult, 1,
1994, . 8-9.

This study examined the effects of low-frequency alternating magnetic fields in patients suffering from arteriosclerosis or osteoarthrosis deformans. Treatment involved 10-15 minute daily leg exposures over a total of 15 days. Results showed the treatment to be effective in 80 percent of arteriosclerosis patients and 70 percent of those with osteoarthrosis formans.

A.G. Kakulia, &quote;The Use of Sonic Band Magnetic Fields in Various Diseases,&quote; Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult, 3,
1982, . 18-21.

This study examined the effects of low-frequency magnetic fields (25 mT) in patients suffering atherosclerotic encephalopathy. Treatment involved 10-15 minute daily exposures over a total of 10-15 applications. Results showed clinical improvements with respect to chest pain, vertigo, headache, and other symptoms.

S.S. Gabrielian, et al., &quote;Use of Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields in the Treatment of Patients with Atherosclerotic Encephalopathy,&quote; Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult, 3,
1987, . 36-39.

More Info...